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Practice with these ABMM dumps Certification Sample Questions
NEW QUESTION # 71
A patient with a history of chronic sinusitis develops a severe invasive fungal infection involving the nasal sinuses and extending into the orbit. Tissue biopsy reveals broad, aseptate hyphae with irregular branching.
The patient is diabetic and acidotic. The MOST likely causative organism belongs to the genus:
- A. Mucor or Rhizopus
- B. Aspergillus
- C. Fusarium
- D. Scedosporium
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 72
A patient with recent abdominal surgery develops a fever, abdominal pain, and a wound infection. Gram stain of the wound exudate reveals a mixture of Gram-negative rods and Gram-positivebacilli. Anaerobic culture yields a foul-smelling, Gram-negative rod that is bile-esculin positive. The MOST likely organism is:
- A. Escherichia coli
- B. Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
- C. Bacteroides fragilis
- D. Clostridium perfringens
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 73
A patient with a history of neutropenia develops a severe sinus infection. Tissue biopsy reveals broad, ribbon- like, non-septate hyphae with right-angle branching. The MOST likely causative organism belongs to the order:
- A. Aspergillales
- B. Eurotiales
- C. Mucorales
- D. Onygenales
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 74
A patient with a history of travel to South America presents with fever, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Peripheral blood smear reveals the presence of trypomastigotes. The MOST likely diagnosis is:
- A. Leishmaniasis
- B. Malaria
- C. African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
- D. Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 75
A traveler returning from a tropical region presents with fever, chills, and jaundice. Peripheral blood smear reveals the presence of ring-shaped parasites within erythrocytes. Further laboratory testing shows a positive result for Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2). The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient is:
- A. Amphotericin B
- B. Metronidazole
- C. Primaquine and a blood schizonticide (e.g., artemisinin-based combination therapy)
- D. Mebendazole
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 76
A 6-year-old child presents with a pharyngitis characterized by a grayish-white pseudomembrane covering the tonsils and posterior pharynx. Gram stain of the membrane reveals Gram-positive bacilli. Culture on Loeffler's medium shows growth of metachromatic granules. The MOST significant virulence factor associated with this organism's pathogenicity is:
- A. Protein A
- B. Streptolysin O
- C. Diphtheria toxin
- D. Hyaluronidase
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 77
A microbiology laboratory is performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. A bacterial isolate shows no zone of inhibition around a specific antibiotic disk. This result could be due to:
- A. All of the above.
- B. Intrinsic resistance of the organism to the antibiotic.
- C. The antibiotic disk being stored improperly.
- D. The use of an incorrect inoculum density.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 78
A patient with a history of travel to Southeast Asia presents with fever, severe headache, and altered mental status. CSF analysis reveals lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein, but routine bacterial and viral cultures are negative. Serological testing of CSF is positive for IgM antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus. The MOST likely mode of transmission for this infection is:
- A. Respiratory droplets from an infected individual.
- B. Ingestion of contaminated food or water.
- C. Bite of an infected mosquito.
- D. Direct contact with infected animals.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 79
Microscopic examination of a trichrome-stained stool smear reveals amoebic trophozoites approximately 25
µm in diameter, containing ingested red blood cells. The nucleus, when visible, has fine, evenly distributed peripheral chromatin and a small, central karyosome. These features are diagnostic for:
- A. Endolimax nana
- B. Entamoeba histolytica
- C. Iodamoeba bütschlii
- D. Entamoeba coli
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 80
A patient with a prosthetic joint develops a chronic infection. Multiple synovial fluid cultures grow a Gram- positive coccus that forms a biofilm and is resistant to multiple antibiotics, including methicillin and gentamicin. The MOST likely organism is:
- A. Streptococcus agalactiae
- B. Staphylococcus epidermidis
- C. Enterococcus faecium
- D. Staphylococcus aureus
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 81
A clinical microbiology laboratory is performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on a Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate recovered from a patient with meningitis. The isolate shows reduced susceptibility to penicillin (MIC = 2 µg/mL). The MOST likely mechanism for this reduced susceptibility is:
- A. Production of beta-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze penicillin.
- B. Modification of the peptidoglycan structure, preventing penicillin binding.
- C. Increased activity of efflux pumps that actively remove penicillin from the cell.
- D. Alterations in the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that reduce their affinity for penicillin.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 82
A patient returning from a mission trip to Africa presents with fever, headache, and a characteristic relapsing pattern of symptoms. Peripheral blood smear reveals the presence of extracellular flagellated protozoa. The MOST likely diagnosis is African trypanosomiasis caused by:
- A. Plasmodium vivax
- B. Leishmania donovani
- C. Trypanosoma cruzi
- D. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 83
A research laboratory is investigating the mechanism of action of a novel antiviral compound that inhibits the replication of a specific RNA virus. They find that the compound binds directly to the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing its elongation activity. This mechanism is most similar to that of:
- A. Oseltamivir
- B. Acyclovir
- C. Interferon-beta
- D. Ribavirin
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 84
A patient with HIV infection and a CD4+ T-cell count of 30 cells/µL develops progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The causative agent of PML is:
- A. JC virus (JCV)
- B. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
- C. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- D. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 85
A patient develops a severe diarrheal illness after consuming raw seafood. Stool culture yields a Gram- negative, comma-shaped bacterium that is oxidase-positive and grows on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar, producing blue-green colonies. The MOST significant virulence factor contributing to the severe, cholera-like diarrhea caused by this organism is:
- A. Heat-stable enterotoxin (ST)
- B. Heat-labile toxin (LT)
- C. Cholera toxin (CT)-like enterotoxin
- D. Type III secretion system (T3SS)
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 86
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